During this last decade of the 20^th century, the entire world - and Greece along with it - was shaken by rapid changes in politics, society and economy. The end of the Cold War, the European integration course and the political-ideological convergence formed the new conditions in which the country entered during the time of globalization. The modernization of the state, the position of the country in a constantly changing world, but also the determination of the national identity are the open issues at stake that the country faces at the dawn of the 21^st century.