While Greek mathematics developed apace, many other scientific fields that were based on it grew rapidly alongside.

Subjects such as music and mathematical geography and are presented in independent units of the exhibition. However, this section presents astronomy in all its diachronic character, with information about the first astronomical observations and the creation of the first calendars, and also the ingenious mathematical models that were invented to describe the movement of the planets.

Among the important figures of this section are Philolaus, Eudoxus and Claudius Ptolemy.