Following the abortive Asia Minor Campaign, and within the framework of the political and social crisis that ensued, the Greek society of the inter-war period was in a constant state of flux. There was a continuous exchange of ideas and attitudes, while the city became a meeting point for various classes from different social and cultural environments. Depending on the area, this mobility led to a variety of cultural expressions. Some of these were associated with the production of poetry and prose literature, which in the 1920s went through a stage of intense crisis. A new innovative spirit emerged, however, with the activities and achievements of the Generation of 1930. The term 'Generation of 1930' means in a broad sense all those new writers and poets who matured between 1930 and 1940. This was a group of intellectuals eager to break with the past or at least to differentiate themselves from it. The Generation of 1930 had a dialogue with the new directions and artistic trends of the time and entered the stage of Greek cultural activity as an avant-garde movement, cultivating speculation on the concept of Greek identity. In this atmosphere of speculation an idiom developed for the manifestation of other cultural fields. This focused on the so-called primitive or popular expression sought by the 'naif' (self-taught, simple) or popular craftsmen such as Makriyannis, Theophilos, the Karagiozis players or popular craftsmen and local workshops. At the same time, bound up with these were new artistic creations, such as the shadow theatre and rebetika songs, aimed mainly at popular and marginal groups, which communicated directly with the social sphere from which they originated and to which they were now returning.